Denjongke (sikk1242-1)

Yliniemi, Juha. A descriptive grammar of Denjongke (Sikkimese Bhutia). 2019.

Consonants (43)

pʰ p pʱ b	t̪ʰ t̪ t̪ʱ d̪		ʈʰ ʈ ʈʱ ɖ			kʰ k kʱ g	ʔ
	ts̪ʰ ts̪ ts̪ʱ dz̪			tɕʰ tɕ tɕʱ dʑ
		s z		ɕ ʑ
m̥ m		n̥ n		ȵ̥ ȵ		ŋ̥ ŋ
					j		h
		l̥ l
		r̥ r

Vowels (13)

i iː y		u uː
eː øː		o oː
ɛ ɛː
	a aː

Diphthongs (7)

iu̯		ui̯
		oi̯ ou̯
ɛi̯ ɛu̯
	ai̯

Notes

Breathy-voiced cosnonants can only appear word-initially.

Nasal vowels may be phonemic.

Allophonic rules

pʰ >~ ɸ / V_V
b >~ ⁿb / #_
b >~ bp / #_
b >~ β / V_V except V_a
b >~ w / V_a
t̪ʰ >~ θ / V_V
d̪ >~ ⁿd̪ / #_
d̪ >~ d̪t̪ / #_
ɖ >~ ⁿɖ / #_
ɖ >~ ɖʈ / #_
ɖ > ɾ / intervocalically in a few words
kʰ > cʰ / _i _j
k >~ ʔ / _#
k > c / _i _j
kʱ > cʱ / _i _j
g >~ ⁿg / #_
g >~ gk / #_
g > ɟ / _i _j
g > ɣ / V_V
ŋ̥ > h / for some speakers
r > ɹ͓ / #_
r > ɹ / _l
r > ɾ / word-medially
ou̯ > au̯ / (non-canonical form - i.e. alternate representation of the phoneme)