Qiang (nort2722-1)

LaPolla, Randy J.; Huang, Chenglong. A Grammar of Qiang with annotated texts and glossary. 2003. wals:3418

Consonants (40)

pʰ p b tʰ t d kʰ k g qʰ q
tsʰ ts dz tʂʰ tʂ dʐ tɕʰ tɕ dʑ
ɸ s z ʂ ʐ ɕ x χ ʁ
ɬ
m n ȵ (ŋ)
j (ɥ) w h (ɦ)
l

Vowels (30)

i iʵ iː (iʵː) y (yʵ) yː (yʵː) u (uʵ) uː (uʵː)
e eʵ eː (eʵː) ə əʵ o (oʵ) oː (oʵː)
æ æʵ æː (æʵː) ɑ (ɑʵ) ɑː (ɑʵː)

Diphthongs (7)

ei̯ eu̯ əi̯ əu̯ oi̯
{æi̯} {æu̯}

Notes

To facilitate crosslinguistic comparison, rising diphthongs are here considered to be VC sequences. /ɥ/, which only appears in /ɥe/ and the morphologically derived diphthongs /ɥeː ɥæ ɥæː/ (and their rhotacized equivalents), is added as a (marginal) consonant phoneme.

Falling diphthongs, however, are considered to be phonemes.

Allophonic rules