Allophonic rules
- b >
ⁿb / #_
- b >
p / _$
- b >
pʰ / {C V}_V in slow speech
- b >
β / V_V in fast speech
- b >~
ɸ / _# for older speakers
- b >~
f / _# for older speakers
- b >
t / _n
- t >
tʰ / _V
- t >
tʰ / (non-canonical form - i.e. alternate representation of the phoneme)
- k >
kʰ / _V
- k >
x / V_V except V_i
- k >
ɣ / V_V except V_i
- k >
qʰ / _aˤ
- k >
kʰ / (non-canonical form - i.e. alternate representation of the phoneme)
- g >
ⁿg / #_
- kʷ >
kʷʰ / (non-canonical form - i.e. alternate representation of the phoneme)
- gʷ >
ⁿgʷ / #_
- s >~
ʃ / V_V for older speakers
- n >
m / _{p b}
- n >
ŋ / _{k g kʷ gʷ}
- l >
ⁿd / #_
- l >
d / C_
- l >~
r / t_
- l >~
ɾ / {C V}_V, or everywhere except t_ for some speakers
- l >
ɾ / (non-canonical form - i.e. alternate representation of the phoneme)
- l·l >
ⁿdl / #_
- l·l >
ⁿdr / #_
- a >
ɐ / in unaccented syllables
- a >~
ə / #C_˩
- a·n >~
ã / _s
- aˤ >
a̰ˤ / _˩
- aˤ >
aˤː / (non-canonical form - i.e. alternate representation of the phoneme)
- ɛ >
ə / in word-initial low-tone syllables
- ɛ >
j / _V in fast speech
- o >
ɔ / _{ŋ P[-voice]} and #(C)_˩
- o >
w / _V in fast speech
- o·n >~
õ / _s
- i >
j / _V in fast speech
- u >
w / _V in fast speech